SPF and PA: what Japanese sunscreen ratings mean
Japanese sunscreens are known for light, comfortable textures, and almost all of them show two ratings: SPF and PA. They measure different things, so it is worth knowing both.
SPF: protection against UVB
SPF describes how well a sunscreen protects against UVB rays, the ones that cause sunburn. The higher the number, the longer the protection under test conditions. SPF 50+ is the top band on Japanese labels.
PA: protection against UVA
PA is a Japanese rating for UVA protection, the rays associated with skin ageing. It is shown as plus signs: PA+ is some protection, PA++ moderate, PA+++ high and PA++++ extremely high. Choose PA+++ or PA++++ for daily use.
Using it well
- Apply a generous amount. The ratings assume a full layer, and a thin layer protects less.
- Reapply at least every two hours when outdoors, and after sweating, swimming or towelling.
- Apply it as the last skincare step in the morning, before make-up.
- Wash it off in the evening. Water-resistant formulas often need an oil or a cleanser made for the purpose.
Gels, milks, sticks and sprays
Gels and essences feel like skincare and suit daily wear on the face. Milks and creams give a little more comfort on dry skin. Sticks are handy for touch-ups over make-up and around the eyes. Because aerosol sprays cannot be shipped by air, we do not stock them.
No sunscreen gives complete protection. Sunscreen works best together with shade, a hat and sensible time in the sun.
